When Will Medical Schools Give You an Answer

We are often asked: How long does a medical school have to invite an applicant to submit a secondary application? How long does a medical school have to respond and either invite the applicant to an interview, or say thanks, but no thanks? The fact is that there’s no rule governing how much time a medical school has to respond to your application. Some have a quick turnaround, but others seem to drag on and on – especially when youre constantly refreshing your email to see if theyve contacted you. Waiting is even harder when others are receiving invitations and you haven’t heard anything. Although it might be tempting, don’t call the school to check on your status – this is sure to backfire on you. Trust that the admissions office is working through the applications as fast as they can. When should you worry and what can you do about it? Six to eight weeks post-primary application, pre-secondaries If its been 6-8 weeks since you applied and you haven’t been invited to submit a secondary, you might consider sending a Letter of Interest (LOI) to the program. This strategy can be effective if you have a strong connection to the school or its locale. Your reasons for approaching the program in this way might be a connection to an alumnus, a special fit with the program’s research efforts, familiarity with the locale, or even friends in the program who have raved about what theyre learning. Or it might simply be that X School of Medicine has always been your dream school and you want to give it your best shot. In any case, your LOI should demonstrate an understanding of the program going beyond the ordinary (i.e., whats on their admissions website) and show that youve done your research. Before contacting your chosen program(s), you should know whether you fall within their range of accepted students. Are your GPA and MCAT scores above their lowest accepted scores? If not, then youve likely been screened out. Its very important that as you show your fit for the program, your LOI should also highlight your unique qualities in a way that might not have come across as admissions committee members ticked off boxes on their checklists. Post-secondary application, pre-interview If you’ve submitted your secondary and are waiting for an interview, the wait can seem interminable. It’s important during this time to focus on other interests, especially things that you are passionate about. If you finally do get invited to interview, and are asked about your recent activities, you’ll want to have more to say than â€Å"checking my email.† The bulk of interview invites (â€Å"IIs†) go out between October and January. The earliest IIs seem to go to those who not only submitted secondaries early but who have (1) high stats and (2) very specific reasons for attending the program – this is where tailoring your secondary to each school is a huge advantage. There are always applicants who get later IIs, however, so dont give up hope. If you submitted your application early and haven’t heard anything by November, you might want to think about sending an LOI. At this point, its truly a Hail Mary pass and really only works if you can show you have a genuine connection with or interest in the school. You’ll need to go beyond what you presented in your secondary; emphasize your new accomplishments as well as your strong fit and interest in that program. Post-secondaries, pre-interview – planning ahead As the October-January period comes to a close and you still haven’t received that interview invite and you’ve submitted an LOI to no avail, you may want to start thinking about your game plan for the next year. Start by taking a good hard look at your application: Is your MCAT competitive? Are your grades strong? Would either be strengthened through additional coursework? A master’s or postbac course could boost your chances next time. Are you confident about your personal statement? Were your secondary essays tailored with specific answers for each particular program, or did you â€Å"recycle† generic answers? Are your recommendations the best you can get? Did you apply as early as possible in the year? Did you submit enough applications? Did you apply to a wide range of schools, or are your applications weighted towards those with very low acceptance rates (Mayo, Georgetown, etc.)? Don’t give up! It’s not much consolation, but most years the AAMC reports a higher number of applicants than the previous year. Whether it’s because of recent health policy changes or the glamorous life of medicine depicted on television is anybody’s guess. But if you’re serious about medicine, and can show that in your application, you’ll make it. If you need help arguing your case to the Dean, or if you want to make sure next year’s application is as strong as it can be, Accepted can help. Contact us at any stage of the application process. ; A former fellowship admissions committee member and administrator at the University of Washington School of Medicine, Cydney Foote has successfully advised healthcare applicants, including those applying to medical school, dental school, nursing and PA programs, veterinary school, public health and hospital administration programs, post-baccalaureate medical programs, residencies and fellowships. Since 2001, she has brought her marketing and writing expertise to help science-focused students communicate their strengths. Want Cyd to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ Medical School Reapplicant Advice, a free guide †¢ The Long Wait for Medical School Applicants †¢ Four Must-Haves in a Med School Letter of Interest When Will Medical Schools Give You an Answer We are often asked: How long does a medical school have to invite an applicant to submit a secondary application? How long does a medical school have to respond and either invite the applicant to an interview, or say thanks, but no thanks? The fact is that there’s no rule governing how much time a medical school has to respond to your application. Some have a quick turnaround, but others seem to drag on and on – especially when youre constantly refreshing your email to see if theyve contacted you. Waiting is even harder when others are receiving invitations and you haven’t heard anything. Although it might be tempting, don’t call the school to check on your status – this is sure to backfire on you. Trust that the admissions office is working through the applications as fast as they can. When should you worry and what can you do about it? Six to eight weeks post-primary application, pre-secondaries If its been 6-8 weeks since you applied and you haven’t been invited to submit a secondary, you might consider sending a Letter of Interest (LOI) to the program. This strategy can be effective if you have a strong connection to the school or its locale. Your reasons for approaching the program in this way might be a connection to an alumnus, a special fit with the program’s research efforts, familiarity with the locale, or even friends in the program who have raved about what theyre learning. Or it might simply be that X School of Medicine has always been your dream school and you want to give it your best shot. In any case, your LOI should demonstrate an understanding of the program going beyond the ordinary (i.e., whats on their admissions website) and show that youve done your research. Before contacting your chosen program(s), you should know whether you fall within their range of accepted students. Are your GPA and MCAT scores above their lowest accepted scores? If not, then youve likely been screened out. Its very important that as you show your fit for the program, your LOI should also highlight your unique qualities in a way that might not have come across as admissions committee members ticked off boxes on their checklists. Post-secondary application, pre-interview If you’ve submitted your secondary and are waiting for an interview, the wait can seem interminable. It’s important during this time to focus on other interests, especially things that you are passionate about. If you finally do get invited to interview, and are asked about your recent activities, you’ll want to have more to say than â€Å"checking my email.† The bulk of interview invites (â€Å"IIs†) go out between October and January. The earliest IIs seem to go to those who not only submitted secondaries early but who have (1) high stats and (2) very specific reasons for attending the program – this is where tailoring your secondary to each school is a huge advantage. There are always applicants who get later IIs, however, so dont give up hope. If you submitted your application early and haven’t heard anything by November, you might want to think about sending an LOI. At this point, its truly a Hail Mary pass and really only works if you can show you have a genuine connection with or interest in the school. You’ll need to go beyond what you presented in your secondary; emphasize your new accomplishments as well as your strong fit and interest in that program. Post-secondaries, pre-interview – planning ahead As the October-January period comes to a close and you still haven’t received that interview invite and you’ve submitted an LOI to no avail, you may want to start thinking about your game plan for the next year. Start by taking a good hard look at your application: Is your MCAT competitive? Are your grades strong? Would either be strengthened through additional coursework? A master’s or postbac course could boost your chances next time. Are you confident about your personal statement? Were your secondary essays tailored with specific answers for each particular program, or did you â€Å"recycle† generic answers? Are your recommendations the best you can get? Did you apply as early as possible in the year? Did you submit enough applications? Did you apply to a wide range of schools, or are your applications weighted towards those with very low acceptance rates (Mayo, Georgetown, etc.)? Don’t give up! It’s not much consolation, but most years the AAMC reports a higher number of applicants than the previous year. Whether it’s because of recent health policy changes or the glamorous life of medicine depicted on television is anybody’s guess. But if you’re serious about medicine, and can show that in your application, you’ll make it. If you need help arguing your case to the Dean, or if you want to make sure next year’s application is as strong as it can be, Accepted can help. Contact us at any stage of the application process. ; A former fellowship admissions committee member and administrator at the University of Washington School of Medicine, Cydney Foote has successfully advised healthcare applicants, including those applying to medical school, dental school, nursing and PA programs, veterinary school, public health and hospital administration programs, post-baccalaureate medical programs, residencies and fellowships. Since 2001, she has brought her marketing and writing expertise to help science-focused students communicate their strengths. Want Cyd to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ Medical School Reapplicant Advice, a free guide †¢ The Long Wait for Medical School Applicants †¢ Four Must-Haves in a Med School Letter of Interest

The Book of Job - 732 Words

Introduction The book of Job is a book that tells a story about a reach man who lived in Uz. The book is filled with the suffering of Job. Job was a righteous man who feared God but lost everything he has got including his health. And he suffered financially, relationship wise and also with different kinds of diseases. The author of the book then tried to show in a poetic dialogue the reaction of job himself and the reaction of his friends to the disaster. And in the last chapters we God communicate with Job. â€Å"Job is the first of the poetic books in the Hebrew Bible.† Greater part of the book is filled with poetic style hence; the book of job is categorized under poetry or wisdom Literature along with the other four books known as wisdom Literature (Psalms, the Song of Solomon, Ecclesiastes, and Proverbs). The author of the book is not known for sure until today but most argue that the author of the book is not Job rather, â€Å"some have suggested that the writer could be Moses, Solomon, or Elihu.† There are different views regarding the real existence of Job. Some claim that Job is only a parable not a real person but there others who believe Job existed and I also believe that Job really existed. Because one; the book presents it as a real historical person and mentioned different things like place where he lived, the number of his children etc. Two: job in mention in both James and Ezekiel, in the former as a role model of patience and in the latter as a righteousShow MoreRelatedThe Plague and the Book of Jobs690 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Book of Jobs How there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan also came among them. The LORD said to Satan, Whence have you come? 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Job does what he knows best to overcomeRead MoreEssay on Book of Job2920 Words   |  12 PagesThe Book of Job The Book of Job has been praised but also neglected all at the same time. Its literary work is written in a poetry sense with a prose format and considered one of the greatest pieces of literature of all time. The Book of Job is one of first book of five generally called The Books of Poetry, which contain Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Solomon. The Book of Job is written in the Old Testament of the Hebrew Bible and the main theme that is seeks out is WhyRead More Justice in the Book of Job Essay511 Words   |  3 Pages Does the Book of Job strengthen your faith in God’s justice? Why does God allow Satan to cause such tragedy in Job’s life, a man whom God has already acknowledged as â€Å"my servant Job, that there is none like on the earth, a blameless and upright man, who fears God and turns away from evil?†(1.8) From the beginning, it is known that Job is in no way deserving of his injustices, so a reason must be given. God gives Job an opportunity to prove that under any circumstances Job will still have faithRead MoreThe Mythological Story and The Book of Job1334 Words   |  6 Pageson how to contend with crises. Because The Book of Job from the Old Testament offers examples to humankind on how to deal with crises, fear of nature, moral guidance and the universe, The Book of Job clearly falls into the category of a myth or mythological story. Believers in the Holy Scriptures (The Bible and Torah), are given instructions on how to grapple with crises that may develop throughout the day. When first introduced to the character of Job, the reader understands that he is a manRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Book Of Job Essay1191 Words   |  5 Pages Human problems does not change throughout history but instead get told in different forms. The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Book of Job are a quest for immortality and deal with the realization that death is final and will come for everyone. The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Book of Job have a similar main theme of immortality and context, but the Book of Job has a more optimistic and friendly world view. These two stories are very similar in their context because they occur close together in historyRead More Suffering and The Book of Job Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesSuffering and The Book of Job      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The concepts of suffering addressed in The Book of Job have no relevance to the ideas of suffering expressed in eastern religions such as Buddhism and Jainism. In fact, for Buddhists, the cause of suffering was discovered some 2,500 years ago by a prince from India named Sidhartha Gautama. This man, who was known as the Buddha, taught that suffering was caused by the craving for material things; ergo, cessation from suffering could be attained byRead MoreThe Book Of Job Is One Of The Writings1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe Book of Job is one of the writings of the Hebrew Scriptures. It is renowned for its use of lyrical poetry, sharp rhetoric, and distinct characters. It begins and ends with prose, while the bulk of the story is told through poetic dialogue. The text is considered to be the locus classicus on the contemplation of evil given the presence of an all-powerful God that is good. This question of evil is often referred to as theodicy, an amalgamati on of the Greek words for ‘God’ and ‘trial’. The quotationRead More Book Of Job: Suffering Essay879 Words   |  4 Pages Book of Job: Suffering The book of Job 1:3, in The New Oxford Annonated Bible, states quot;Job was the greatest man among all in the East.quot; He was a faithful servant of God, he owned thousands of animals, and had many servants and friends. Job had a very large family with seven sons and three daughters. Why was Job chosen to suffer and receive punishment at the hands of the Lord one may ask? The major themes in the book describe the ways Job deals with suffering and despair the Lord handedRead More Bible - Book Of Job Essay514 Words   |  3 Pages One area in the bible which I have a problem understanding is the story in the beginning of Job. In this book, God talks to Satan and brags about His servant Job. He then goes on to bet with Satan, that whatever Job does, he will not renounce his faith in God. There are a couple of reasons this strikes me as odd. First of all, why would God, who is all knowing want to have anything to do with making deals with Satan? Secondly, why would Satan be interested in making deals

History of the Computer Industry in America Essay Example For Students

History of the Computer Industry in America Essay Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the U. S. and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has it changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, he computer has changed nearly every aspect of peoples lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computers ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads are strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to programming rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first digital calculating machine. It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascals father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800s, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed byand stored data oncards with holes punched in them, appropriately called punchcards. His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack of precision machining techniques used at the time and the lack of demand for such a device (Soma, 46). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in computers. However, between 1850 and 1900 there were great advances in mathematics and physics that began to rekindle the interest (Osborne, 45). Many of these new advances involved complex calculations and formulas that were very time consuming for human calculation. The first major use for a computer in the U. S. was during the 1890 census. Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human intervention (Gulliver, 82). Since the population of the U. S. was increasing so ast, the computer was an essential tool in tabulating the totals. These advantages were noted by commercial industries and soon led to the development of improved punch-card business-machine systems by International Business Machines (IBM), Remington-Rand, Burroughs, and other corporations. By modern standards the punched-card machines were slow, typically processing from 50 to 250 cards per minute, with each card holding up to 80 digits. At the time, however, punched cards were an enormous step forward; they provided a means of input, output, and memory storage on a massive scale. For more than 50 years following heir first use, punched-card machines did the bulk of the worlds business computing and a good portion of the computing work in science (Chposky, 73). By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become so well established and reliable that Howard Hathaway Aiken, in collaboration with engineers at IBM, undertook construction of a large automatic digital computer based on standard IBM electromechanical parts. Aikens machine, called the Harvard Mark I, handled 23-digit numbers and could perform all four arithmetic operations. Also, it had special built-in programs to handle logarithms and trigonometric unctions. The Mark I was controlled from prepunched paper tape. Output was by card punch and electric typewriter. It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations without human intervention (Chposky, 103). The outbreak of World War II produced a desperate need for computing capability, especially for the military. New weapons systems were produced which needed trajectory tables and other essential data. In 1942, John P. Eckert, John W. Mauchley, and their associates at the University of Pennsylvania decided to build a high-speed electronic omputer to do the job. This machine became known as ENIAC, for Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator. It could multiply two numbers at the rate of 300 products per second, by finding the value of each product from a multiplication table stored in its memory. ENIAC was thus about 1,000 times faster than the previous generation of computers (Dolotta, 47). ENIAC used 18,000 standard vacuum tubes, occupied 1800 square feet of floor space, and used about 180,000 watts of electricity. It used punched-card input and output. The ENIAC was very difficult to program because one had to essentially re-wire it to perform whatever ask he wanted the computer to do. It was, however, efficient in handling the particular programs for which it had been designed. ENIAC is generally accepted as the first successful high-speed electronic digital computer and was used in many applications from 1946 to 1955 (Dolotta, 50). Mathematician John von Neumann was very interested in the ENIAC. In 1945 he undertook a theoretical study of computation that demonstrated that a computer could have a very simple and yet be able to execute any kind of computation effectively by means of proper programmed control without the need for any changes in hardware. Aids And Hiv EssayIn 1971 Marcian E. Hoff, Jr. , an engineer at the Intel Corporation, invented the microprocessor and another stage in the deveopment of the computer began (Shallis, 121). A new revolution in computer hardware was now well under way, involving miniaturization of computer-logic circuitry and of component manufacture by what are called large-scale integration techniques. In the 1950s it was realized that scaling down the size of electronic digital computer circuits and parts would increase speed and efficiency and improve performance. However, at that time the manufacturing methods were not good enough to accomplish such a task. About 1960 photoprinting of conductive circuit boards to eliminate wiring became highly developed. Then it became possible to build resistors and capacitors into the circuitry by photographic means (Rogers, 142). In the 1970s entire assemblies, such as adders, shifting registers, and counters, became available on tiny chips of silicon. In the 1980s very large scale integration (VLSI), in which hundreds of thousands of transistors are placed on a single chip, became increasingly common. Many companies, some new to the computer field, introduced in the 1970s programmable minicomputers supplied with software packages. The ize-reduction trend continued with the introduction of personal computers, which are programmable machines small enough and inexpensive enough to be purchased and used by individuals (Rogers, 153). One of the first of such machines was introduced in January 1975. Popular Electronics magazine provided plans that would allow any electronics wizard to build his own small, programmable computer for about $380 (Rose, 32). The computer was called the Altair 8800. Its programming involved pushing buttons and flipping switches on the front of the box. It didnt include a monitor or keyboard, and its applications were very limited (Jacobs, 53). Even though, many orders came in for it and several famous owners of computer and software manufacturing companies got their start in computing through the Altair. For example, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, founders of Apple Computer, built a much cheaper, yet more productive version of the Altair and turned their hobby into a business (Fluegelman, 16). After the introduction of the Altair 8800, the personal computer industry became a fierce battleground of competition. IBM had been the computer industry standard for well over a half-century. They held their position as the standard when they introduced their first personal omputer, the IBM Model 60 in 1975 (Chposky, 156). However, the newly formed Apple Computer company was releasing its own personal computer, the Apple II (The Apple I was the first computer designed by Jobs and Wozniak in Wozniaks garage, which was not produced on a wide scale). Software was needed to run the computers as well. Microsoft developed a Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) for the IBM computer while Apple developed its own software system (Rose, 37). Because Microsoft had now set the software standard for IBMs, every software manufacturer had to make their software compatible with Microsofts. This would lead to huge profits for Microsoft (Cringley, 163). The main goal of the computer manufacturers was to make the computer as affordable as possible while increasing speed, reliability, and capacity. Nearly every computer manufacturer accomplished this and computers popped up everywhere. Computers were in businesses keeping track of inventories. Computers were in colleges aiding students in research. Computers were in laboratories making complex calculations at high speeds for scientists and physicists. The computer had made its mark everywhere in society and built up a huge industry (Cringley, 174). The future is promising for the computer industry and its technology. The speed of processors is expected to double every year and a half in the coming years. As manufacturing techniques are further perfected the prices of computer systems are expected to steadily fall. However, since the microprocessor technology will be increasing, its higher costs will offset the drop in price of older processors. In other words, the price of a new computer will stay about the same from year to year, but technology will steadily increase (Zachary, 42) Since the end of World War II, the computer industry has grown rom a standing start into one of the biggest and most profitable industries in the United States. It now comprises thousands of companies, making everything from multi-million dollar high-speed supercomputers to printout paper and floppy disks. It employs millions of people and generates tens of billions of dollars in sales each year (Malone, 192). Surely, the computer has impacted every aspect of peoples lives. It has affected the way people work and play. It has made everyones life easier by doing difficult work for people. The computer truly is one of the most incredible inventions in history.

Teen Suicide (sociological) Essays - Suicide, Youth Suicide

Teen Suicide (sociological) Teen Suicide (sociological) The purpose of this paper is to explain the causes of teen suicide. This paper will include statistics and some background information on suicide survivors. Also this report will discuss some warning signs of teen suicide. It is important to take the subject of suicide seriously. It doesn't seem right that a teenager, who has lived for such a short time, would choose to die, but those who can't get over their depression sometimes do. Teen suicide is the third leading cause of death for young people aged 15 to 24 and the fourth leading cause of death for persons between the ages of 10 and 14 and it seems to be on the rise. Only accidental deaths and homicide follow it. Some experts believe that many "accidental" deaths are actually suicides. According to a 1991 Center for Disease Control and Prevention study, 27% of high school students thought about suicide, 16% had a plan and 8% made an attempt. Suicide affects teens of all races and social standing. Boys commit suicide more often than girls do. It could be because it's easier to get the tools for suicide, boys usually use firearms and girls often use pills so since the gun is more deadly, boys complete suicide. Over the past 15 years, the rate among girls has scarcely changed, but the rate among boys has tripled. Also, the rate among non-white males, even though it's still lower than the white male rate, has been rising most quickly of all. Suicide remains the second leading cause of death among whites after accidents and the third among blacks after homicides and accidents. Teen suicide is now considered a national mental health problem. The main two causes for teen suicide is the mental disease of depression and family problems. 90% of teen suicide victims have at least one diagnosable, active psychiatric illness at the time of death, which is most often depression, substance abuse, or behavior disorders. Only 33-50% of victims was known by their doctors as having a mental illness at the time of their death, and only 15% were in treatment at the time of death. The pressures of modern life are greater these days and competition for good grades and college admission is difficult which are extra stresses on already unsure teens. Some even think it's because there is more violence in the media. Lack of parental interest may make them feel alone and anonymous. They believe that their parents don't understand them and when they try to express their feelings they feel that their parents either denied or ignored the try to communicate feelings of unhappiness, frustration, or failure. Many children grow up in divorced households or both parent's work and their families spend little time together. Even the threat of AIDS is a factor that contributes to higher suicide rate. Stressful life events, such as the loss of an important person or school failure, often encourages suicides. People who have worked with depressed teens see a common pattern of unhappiness, feelings of inner disturbance, chaos, low self-worth, hopelessness and anger. Suicidal teens generally feel that their emotions are played down, not taken seriously, or met with opposition by other people, but it should always be taken seriously. There are ways of watching for warning signs of a suicidal person and depression. Some noticeable things are talking about suicide, statements about hopelessness, helplessness, or worthlessness. They may have a obsession with death or suddenly become happier and calmer. They have a loss of interest in things they usually care about. They might stop visiting or calling people that they care about. They even start making arrangements or putting their affairs in order and give away their things. Teens should learn that with treatment, depression ends, but someone who is experiencing deep depression might not be able to think about that. They can't see the way out of the problem and think suicide is the only choice. There are 30,000 suicides that occur every year in the United States and the " suicide survivors" are the ones that are left majorly affected and ruined. The people that are mourning over a suicide victim describe feelings of shock, disbelief, sadness, guilt and anger. They have episodes of crying, depression, apathy, anxiety, and sometimes thoughts of suicide themselves. Some survivors experience scary and disturbing images of death.

Health Care and Culture Essays

Health Care and Culture Essays Health Care and Culture Paper Health Care and Culture Paper Culture is an important ingredient in the mode of life of any group, be they ethnic or modern sub-cultures. In addition, culture is a very pervasive matter and that is why it also has an important impact in health care delivery. Moreover, there are some societies that are sensitive when it comes to their culture. This is the reason is why, it is necessary to tread around carefully so as not to give offense to the culture. Otherwise health care delivery will not only be seen as negative, the persons delivering the health care will also be considered as outsiders in the culture and thus, will make it harder for them to penetrate into the community. But what is culture? According to Hoult (1969), culture refers broadly to the values, norms, institutions and artifacts that a particular society holds dear. This also includes the language, the manner of communications and the nature of social relationships in any given society. Because of the surge of immigration into the United States coupled with the trend of globalization, it has become important for people from various races and culture to coexist with each other. According to Larsen (2004, pp. 1-2), in 2003, 33. 5 million people in the United States were foreign born. This accounts for more than ten percent of the total population of the United States. Given this, there is a need for people, especially those that are engaged in the delivery of important services such as health care. Cultural Competence and Effective Communication The US Department of Health and Human Services (2003) identified the concept of cultural competence in dealing with the culture of people who are in need of important services, especially in disaster mental health programs. Cultural competence refers to the changes in the perceptions, attitudes and even the basic treatment of people in connection to various cultural groups. It is exemplified by sensitivity and awareness of differences yet granting respect to different groups. Furthermore, the Department’s publication highlighted the importance of the community in the lives of ethnic and cultural groups and this is the reason why in the occurrence of disasters, it is important to get through to the community and help them recover together. An awareness and sensitivity of culture is needed in this regard. Hence, â€Å"effective communication† cannot be discounted as an important factor in getting through to the members of the community (US DHHS, 2003). Effective communication would then mean taking into account the various cultural expressions of such groups and be sensitive to these expressions. Another important reason why communication is essential is that people from cultural groups tend to bring with them their own ideas about diseases, which may not be accurate scientifically. It falls upon the health care practitioner to communicate with these people the proper way of treating diseases with proper understanding and sensitivity (â€Å"Why Language and Culture†, 2003). Cultural Group and Health Service Needs The Hispanic Americans comprise the largest nonwhite ethnic group in the United States. The focus, however, is on the elderly members of this sub-population in the US. Hispanic Americans who are 65 years old and over make up 5. 6% of the total population of older Americans. These older Hispanics are faced with various health threats such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes among others. In terms of mental health, several studies have shown that there are symptoms of depression among older Hispanic women. As such, this group of people needs to have medical assistance. On the other hand, several cultural issues that need to be addressed include language, the family, as well as religion and spirituality and how this group defines illness (Talamantes, Lindeman, Mouton, 2003). Also, given the difficulty of some members of this population to speak English, it would be necessary for health workers to have a translator handy in order to translate for them and to watch out the cultural nuances that need to be taken care of. Bhui, et. al. (2007) discovered that although there have been several attempts to incorporate cultural competence in the delivery of health care services. They concluded, however, that much of these works have been exploratory and that the efficiency and effectiveness of training has not been fully established. As such further quantitative studies and more effective trainings are called for in the future. In addition to the delivery of health care services, it is also important for the members of this population to have access to medicines. In this regard, pharmacists should also have the necessary skills in promoting cultural competence and providing service to different clients regardless of their cultural backgrounds (O’Connell, et. al. , 2007) Conclusion The world is sinking, thanks to globalization. Increasingly the United States and other countries in the world are becoming multicultural and that people share and trade off stories. Yet, the process of integration is not as easy as it looks to be, especially in the area of language and in the overall dynamics of communications. This is the reason why in the delivery of service, those who administer them should be able to relate well with other people of different cultures. Through this way, they will be more effective in communicating and in getting their points across to those who need medical help. Reference Bhui, K. , Warfa, N. , Edonya, P. , McKenzie, K. , Bhugra, D. (2007). Cultural Competence in Mental Health Care: a Review of Model Evaluations. BMC Health Services Research, 7: 15. Retrieved 12 July 2007 from pubmedcentral. nih. gov/articlerender. fcgi? artid=1800843. Hoult, T. F. (Ed) (1969). Dictionary of Modern Sociology. Totowa, NJ: Littlefields, Adams. Larsen, L. J. (2004). The Foreign-Born Population in the United States: 2003. United States Census Bureau. Accessed 9 July 2007 from census. gov/prod/2004pubs/p20-551. pdf. O, Connell, M. B. , Korner, E. J. , Rickles, N. M. Sias, J. J. (2007). Cultural Competence in Health Care and Its Implications for Pharmacy Part 1: Overview of Key Contents in Multicultural Health Care. American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 27 (7), 1062-1079. Talamantes, M. , Lindeman, R. , Mouton, C. (2003). Ethnogeriatric Curriculum Module: Health and Health Care of Hispanic/Latino American Elders. Stanford University. Retrieved 12 July 2007 from stanford. edu/group/ethnoger/hispaniclatino. html. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2003) Developing Cultural Competence in Disaster Mental Health Programs: Guiding Principles and Recommendations. DHHS Pub. No. SMA 3828. Rockville, MD: Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Why Language and Culture Are Important. (2003). Diversity Rx. Retrieved 12 July 2007 from diversityrx. org/HTML/ESLANG. htm.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 - Research Paper Example Discrimination based on Race, Color, religion, and nationality In the beginning of 1960s, most Americans knew the potential of having equal protection was to be fulfilled in the fourteenth amendment. There was a debate in the three arms of the government and the public on whether the constitution enhances equal protection to all American workers, but civil Acts has been able to protect American workers from being discriminated based on color, religion, race, and national origin. It is, therefore, unlawful to deny equal employment opportunity to an employee because of his race, or even perceived race, or race-linked characters such as hair color and facial features, or because the individual is married to or has an association with another person of a particular race and color. This law also extended non-discrimination protection to workers who are disabled. There have been attempts to enact the legislation to protect lesbians, bisexual and gay workers from discrimination but the Cong ress has failed to protect workers from discrimination based on sexual orientation. ... Sex was added in the law to protect Alice Paul who was a woman. Section 703 part A declared it unlawful for an employee to refuse to hire or even discharge a worker with respect to the worker’s terms of service, compensation, or any privilege of employment because of the individual’s race, national origin, color or religion. Final bill that was passed allowed sex to be one of the considerations especially when the sex of the worker was a bona fide qualification for an intended job. EEOC was later created under Title VII for implementing this law. Recruiting, Hiring and Advancement Section 703 Part A protects workers during hiring process, and it states that it is unlawful to discriminate an employee with respect to compensation or any other privileges of employment. Any job requirement should be applied in a uniform and consistent manner to all persons regardless of the race and color. Moreover, a job requirement should without putting in place job performance or needs of the business; otherwise, it will be unlawful if the specific requirements will exclude persons of specific race and color in a significant way than others. For instance, an employer who solicits applications from applicants of the same race and color, or applicants with a specific education background which may not be important for the performance of the job, or even testing the job applicants for knowledge or abilities when the job performance is not important. In other circumstances, an employer may require racial information of an applicant for having affirmative action. To obtain information relating to race without discriminating the employee is by using separate forms or

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 79

Assignment Example Poor economic reforms, technological drawbacks, and widespread corruption destabilized the regime and deteriorated the living standards of most of the populace (Alie and Gizewski 6). In essence, as predicted by Reagan, the collapse of the Soviet Union did not necessarily need an external enemy owing to its own misgivings. The revolutions experienced in 1985-1989 dealt an irreparable final blow to the Soviet system. The revolutions, which began in Poland, spread throughout most of Europe in countries such as Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Romania. The revolutions, through civil resistance, harried the need for change and abolishment of the one-party rule. The eruption of civil resistance presented a channel to demand for freedom (Borjas and Doran 1146), and the eventual abolishment of communist control Poland and Hungary had peaceful revolutions, but most of the other East Germany regions expressed their opinions through violent revolutions. The fall of the Berlin Wall was a revolutionary process that fueled the anticommunist drive to liberalization. The collapse of the Berlin Wall symbolized the collapse of an impracticable system, economic deterioration, dictatorship, and subjugation. It was a significant chapter in the collapse of soviet communism. Owing to the central location of Berlin, it represented the ongoing antagonism between Soviet Union and the West. The collapse of the Soviet Union was so shocking to the West. because Neither the USSR nor the West expected the fall of communism or the disintegration of the highly centralized union. Beforehand, the Soviet Union was not open to international factors and outside forces. The impact of the West on communism was restricted to the extent that it came as a shocker to the West when the grip finally crumbled. The Cold War was a long period that characterized lack of